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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHECKSUMS FOR EMBEDDED NETWORKS

DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING

DOT NET

Embedded control networks commonly use checksums to detect data transmission errors. However, design decisions about which checksum to use are difficult because of a lack of information about the relative effectiveness of available options. We study the error detection effectiveness of the following commonly used checksum computations for embedded networks: exclusive or (XOR), two’s complement addition, one’s complement addition, Fletcher checksum, Adler checksum, and cyclic redundancy codes (CRC). A study of error detection capabilities for random independent bit errors and burst errors reveals that XOR, two’s complement addition, and Adler checksums are suboptimal for typical application use. Instead, one’s complement addition should be used for applications willing to sacrifice error detection effectiveness to reduce compute cost, Fletcher checksum for applications looking for a balance of error detection and compute cost, and CRCs for applications willing to pay a higher compute cost for further improved error detection